Computa Quiz - Topper.pk

Question 1 / 36

Hantaviruses are primarily carried and spread by which animals?

Insects Rodents Birds Bats

Question 2 / 36

To which viral family do hantaviruses belong?

Filoviridae Coronaviridae Hantaviridae Rhabdoviridae

Question 3 / 36

Which two major syndromes are caused by hantaviruses?

Dengue fever and malaria HPS/HCPS and HFRS Influenza and pneumonia Ebola and Marburg

Question 4 / 36

Which organ system does Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS) primarily affect?

Kidneys Liver Lungs Brain

Question 5 / 36

Which organ system does Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome (HFRS) primarily affect?

Lungs Kidneys Heart Liver

Question 6 / 36

What is the most common hantavirus that causes HPS in the United States?

Seoul virus Andes virus Deer mouse virus Sin Nombre virus (spread by deer mouse)

Question 7 / 36

Which hantavirus is the only type known to spread from person to person?

Hantaan virus Seoul virus Andes virus Puumala virus

Question 8 / 36

How long after contact with an infected rodent do HPS symptoms typically start to appear?

Within 24 hours 1 to 8 weeks 3 to 6 months 1 to 2 years

Question 9 / 36

Which of the following is an early symptom of Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS)?

Acute kidney failure Coughing and shortness of breath Fatigue fever and muscle aches Low blood pressure and internal bleeding

Question 10 / 36

What percentage of people who develop respiratory symptoms from HPS may die from the disease?

About 10% About 20% About 38% About 60%

Question 11 / 36

What is the case fatality rate of HCPS in the Americas?

1-5% 5-10% 20-40% 60-80%

Question 12 / 36

What is the global estimated annual number of hantavirus infections?

100 to 1000 1000 to 5000 10000 to over 100000 Over 1 million

Question 13 / 36

Where is the largest global burden of hantavirus disease found?

Americas Africa Asia and Europe Australia

Question 14 / 36

Which hantavirus is responsible for most HFRS cases in Europe?

Hantaan virus Seoul virus Puumala virus Andes virus

Question 15 / 36

In which regions is HFRS (Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome) found mostly?

North and South America Europe and Asia Africa and Australia Middle East and Central Asia

Question 16 / 36

What is the case fatality rate for hantavirus infections in Asia and Europe?

Less than 1-15% 20-40% 50-60% Over 70%

Question 17 / 36

Which of the following is a late-stage symptom of HPS appearing 4-10 days after initial illness?

Fever and muscle aches Fatigue and headache Coughing and shortness of breath Nausea and dizziness

Question 18 / 36

Which of the following is an initial symptom of HFRS?

Coughing and shortness of breath Intense headaches back pain fever and blurred vision Muscle aches and fatigue Rash and joint pain

Question 19 / 36

Which late-stage complication can occur in HFRS patients?

Lung failure Acute kidney failure Liver cirrhosis Encephalitis

Question 20 / 36

What is the primary route of hantavirus transmission to humans?

Person-to-person contact Mosquito bites Contact with contaminated rodent urine droppings or saliva Contaminated water or food

Question 21 / 36

Which of the following activities increases the risk of hantavirus exposure?

Swimming in open water Cleaning enclosed or poorly ventilated spaces with rodent activity Eating undercooked meat International air travel

Question 22 / 36

Can hantavirus spread through a rodent bite?

Yes it is the primary mode of transmission Yes but this is rare No it cannot spread through bites Only through bites of infected rats

Question 23 / 36

Why is early diagnosis of hantavirus infection challenging?

The virus is undetectable in laboratory tests Early symptoms resemble other febrile illnesses like influenza and COVID-19 The disease has no symptoms in early stages Diagnostic kits are not widely available

Question 24 / 36

Which laboratory method is used to confirm hantavirus infection during the acute phase?

Blood culture Serological testing for IgM antibodies or RT-PCR Liver biopsy Chest X-ray

Question 25 / 36

How soon after symptom onset can initial hantavirus testing be done?

Within the first hour Within 6 hours After 72 hours After 2 weeks

Question 26 / 36

Is there a specific licensed antiviral treatment or vaccine for hantavirus infection?

Yes a vaccine is available in the USA Yes antiviral drugs are licensed globally No there is no licensed specific antiviral treatment or vaccine Yes ribavirin is an approved treatment

Question 27 / 36

What type of care is recommended for hantavirus patients?

Antiviral drug therapy Surgery Supportive care including rest hydration and symptom management Antibiotic therapy

Question 28 / 36

What breathing support may HPS patients need due to lung complications?

Antibiotic nebulization Intubation to help the patient receive oxygen Oxygen masks only Lung transplant

Question 29 / 36

What treatment may HFRS patients need due to kidney complications?

Lung transplant Liver dialysis Kidney dialysis to remove toxins from blood Anticoagulant therapy

Question 30 / 36

Which of the following is the most effective way to prevent hantavirus infection?

Vaccination Taking antiviral medications Reducing contact between people and rodents Wearing face masks outdoors

Question 31 / 36

Why should one avoid dry sweeping or vacuuming rodent droppings?

It is too time-consuming It can spread hantavirus particles into the air It damages floor surfaces It is ineffective at cleaning

Question 32 / 36

Which hantavirus causes HFRS in East Asia particularly in China and the Republic of Korea?

Puumala virus Andes virus Hantaan and Seoul virus Sin Nombre virus

Question 33 / 36

Hantaan and Dobrava virus infections are associated with what fatality rate in HFRS cases?

Less than 1% 5-15% 30-50% Over 60%

Question 34 / 36

Seoul virus a hantavirus that causes HFRS is found where?

Only in Asia Only in Europe Only in the Americas Worldwide including the United States

Question 35 / 36

Human-to-human transmission of hantavirus has been documented only for which virus and where?

Hantaan virus in China Seoul virus worldwide Andes virus primarily in Argentina and Chile Puumala virus in Europe

Question 36 / 36

What precautions should be taken for aerosol-generating procedures on suspected hantavirus patients?

Standard precautions only Airborne precautions Contact precautions only No special precautions needed