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Detail: Originally, January 1 was celebrated as the start of the new year in the Julian calendar. However, after the Roman Empire fell, many parts of Europe shifted the New Year to March 25. This change aligned with the Christian festival of the Annunciation, which marks the angel Gabriel’s visit to Mary. In England, March 25 officially became New Year’s Day in the 12th century.
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Detail: Jericho, located in present-day Palestine, is considered the oldest continuously inhabited walled city, dating back over 9,000 years. Archaeological excavations reveal ancient walls that served as fortifications.
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Detail: The world’s oldest zoo still in operation is the Schönbrunn Zoo in Vienna, Austria. Established in 1752, it is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and continues to attract visitors with its wide array of animals and historic architecture.
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Detail: San Marino, founded in 301 AD, is considered the oldest sovereign state and constitutional republic in Europe. It was established by Saint Marinus as a Christian refuge.
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Detail: Alcohol is the oldest known drug used by humans, with evidence of its production dating back to 7,000 BC. It has been used for medicinal, social, and religious purposes across civilizations.
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Detail: Tuberculosis (TB) is considered the oldest known infectious disease, with evidence of its presence in ancient human remains dating back over 9,000 years. TB is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis and primarily affects the lungs.
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Detail: Dental caries, commonly known as tooth decay, is the most prevalent disease worldwide. It affects individuals of all ages and results from the breakdown of tooth enamel due to bacteria and poor oral hygiene.
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Detail: While the USA leads in the number of cars per capita, China ranks second globally in the total number of cars due to its massive population and growing automobile industry.
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Detail: Mauna Loa is the world’s largest active volcano, located on the Big Island of Hawaii. It spans an area of about 5,271 square kilometers and has erupted 33 times since its first documented eruption in 1843.
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Detail: Germany, under Chancellor Otto von Bismarck, was the first country to introduce an old-age pension system in 1889. This groundbreaking policy aimed to provide financial security for the elderly and served as a model for modern social security systems.
